Appendix E  The Toulmin Arms        

 [Reference-numbers are to my "London" volume, except for one in the Postscript.]

 

   Burke gives no arms for either "Toulmin of Hackney" or "Toulmin of

Childwickbury", but Burke's "General Armory" gives under Toulmin (no further

specification):

 (a) Ar. a chev. ermines betw. 3 ducal coronets sa., crest a dexter arm embowed in

armour holding a sabre all ppr.

 (b) Gu. on a chief ar. 3 martlets sa., crest a garb in fess ppr.

  The arms (a), with some variation in the crest, are associated with many members

of the families of both Abraham Toulmin (*132) and Joshua Toulmin (*1331).  All

representations that I know have the chevron as described (see note below), ie

"ours" as noted by Flood (p.1) who sent William Toulmin "a sheet of notepaper with

Stewart's branch's coat of arms and crest...you will see the shield is just a little

different shape from ours, also I think there are six ermines and they look all

black (ours, you know are white on a chevron sable)...It has the old Toulmin motto

and the crest is slightly different" (more of the motto later).  Stewart =

**132163441: presumably the arms applied at least to all descendants of the Rev.

Thomas Toulmin (**1321); this is the only record I know of arms with the chevron

"ermine" not "ermines". The sheet has not been found: William Toulmin sent me a wax

seal with Stewart's arms on, but it is impossible to make out any details.

   Cussans shows this coat, in the "ermines" form, for the Childwickbury family, and

BC-T (*13215A282) has a set of plates with the crest (arm embowed), confirmed by

Minton Museum (7 Dec 1993) as produced 1830-40: presumably made for H.H.Toulmin

(*132156) and passed on via *1321562D & *13215A2C.  The arms appear in a memorial

window to Henry J. Toulmin (*1321562) and his wife and sons in St Albans Abbey

(photo BC-T), impaled with Wroughton (arg. a chevron couped gu. bet. 3 boars' heads

couped sa. (Burke) - but the chevron is not couped).  The motto here (rather oddly

at first sight) is "Inimica tyrannis"; the same (per Weston) on a "card case

belonging to A.F.H.B.Toulmin" (apparently a conflation of A.H. (*1321564) & F.B.

(*1321563)).

   JMH has a plate with the coat as described but motto "Inimicus tyrannis", and

reports that it was earlier "Manus haec inimicus tyrannis", but Joshua Toulmin chose

to omit the initial words.  However, "Manus haec inimica tyrannis" was the motto of

both Baron Riversdale [family name Tonson] and Earl Carysfort [Proby] (Fairbairn's

Crests 1988, per JMH: both were Irish titles now extinct; see Burke s.v. Proby for

the latter).  "Manus" being feminine, "inimicus" implies substantive "an enemy",

while "inimica" is merely the adjective "hostile"; but it seems odd to retain the

feminine when "manus" is omitted.

   PT (2.11.94) reports "The arms described under (a) are those traditionally in use

by the Alabama (and Pennsylvania) Toulmins", but with motto "Deus robur meum" (a

photo he sent confirms the "ermines" form.)  His grandfather and great-uncle

(*13311C2,3) used these on plates, stationery, etc.  He also has a gold & carnelian

signet given by the widow of Henry Wroughton Toulmin (*13215624) to Marian (Toulmin)

Townsend (*13311C31), which has the coat with motto "Inimica tyrannis", but a dagger

in place of the sabre in the crest.

 

   A few technical notes, from "A Grammar of English Heraldry" (Hope rev. Wagner,

Cambridge, 1953): "The shape of the shield ... is a matter of indifference" (p.15).

I think the number of "tails" in an ermined pattern is also irrelevant; but the

distinction between the original "ermine" of black tails on white and the reverse,

"ermines" according to SOED and PT, but described as "sable ermined silver" and as

invented in the 15th century in the Grammar (p.8), is real.  This may represent a

technical "difference": "The Great Roll also contains a large number of arms of

kinsmen of various degrees differenced by such methods as reversal of tinctures..."

(p.60); eg "Henry Mortimer changes the blue of the original arms to red" (p.21).

Evelyn Flood (Flood, p.2) seems to have assumed some such change when she commented

to William Toulmin "The coat of arms [ie Stewart's] is your branch", apparently

identifying the Preston Toulmins with Stewart's branch - presumably merely because

his ancestor, the Rev. Thomas, was a vicar in Westmoreland and said by Stewart to

have originated from Bolton-le-Sands.  But the probable connection of the Preston

Toulmins with Bolton was not then known.

 

   The coat (b) is obviously completely different, and I've not come across it in

connection with any Toulmins I know of.  WillT has a note of it (source not

indicated) with the addition in brackets "a martlet argent" and "difference of the

4th son".  PT reports that his father "once fell for one of those commercial

solicitations and ordered a drawing supposed to be of the Toulmin family arms",

receiving, as PT recalls, a drawing of (b) - probably taken from the "General

Armory".

 

   An enquiry from BC-T (Coll.Arms) elicited the information that the arms (a) "have

never been the subject of official registration as such and the Coat would appear to

be of a composite nature and of no authority", and found "only one entry in the name

of Toulmin (or likely variant thereof)", yet a third coat:

 (c) Per fess vert and erminois a fess invected counterchanged in chief three

annulets or. ["Erminois" = "gold ermined sable" of Grammar, according to SOED.]

   This was granted to George Bainbridge of Carlebury, Durham for his wife Anne, nee

Toulmin, daughter and coheir of Edmund Toulmin of Ingleton, Yorks.  Edmund can be

identified as a descendant of a Bolton-le-Sands family, but has not been placed in

my main catalogue: see App.B, 5b (Ingleton).  WillT quotes Harleian Soc., vol. XXII,

p.455,  as mentioning an "escutcheon of pretence" (1804) for Toulmin, wife of

Bainbridge of Carleybury.

 

   A fourth coat noted by WillT, apparently from a French source, not specified:

 (d) Toulmen - Bret.  D'arg a un croiss. de gu. un chef d'azur, ch. de trois macles

d'or. ["Macle" = "mascle", or "lozenge voided", in English heraldry, ie a hollow

diamond.]

   Yet another, also without provenance, appears on a plaque (of which I have a

photograph) "brought by my grandfather [***3111367153] from England" (per Diane

Toulmin, ***311136715333).  This includes a complex "scutcheon of pretence", which

cannot be described certainly from the photgraph; the main coat appears to be

 (e) Ermine a bend cotised and a cross moline gules and an anchor gold and on the

bend 3 [?] horseshoes gold; crest an ostrich [emu?] proper with a crosslet fitchy

silver in its beak; motto "Non quis sed quid".

   The number of horseshoes is uncertain because of the scutcheon: only 2 are shown.

The arms may be associated with Ferris or Milward (spouses of ***311136715,

***31113671), though the plaque is labelled "Toulmin": note that several branches of

the Milward family do have arms with a cross moline (or "millrind"), punning on the

name.

   It is curious that all five coats are charged with 3 of something (coronets,

martlets, annulets, mascles, horseshoes); but of course this is a convenient number.

 

   POSTSCRIPT.  After the above note was compiled, an official coat of arms was

granted to John Kelvin Toulmin (North*623511), on 1 Aug 1996.  I have not seen the

formal description, but a photograph (per BC-T) shows

 (f) Argent two gemell-bars gules and three red roses crowned sable; crest a lamb

running; motto "Deus robur meum".

 A note accompanying the photograph indicates that the crowns are taken from the

arms (a) above, and the motto is one of those that has accompanied them [as noted

above, that used by a US family].  The roses represent Lancashire and Winchester

[his school], the lamb Preston and the Middle Temple; the bars signify his Austrian

decoration and his presidency of the Bars of Europe.  It is all surrounded [in lieu

of supporters] by  the motto of the order of St Michael & St George ["Auspicium

melioris aevi": his appointment as CMG prompted him to obtain the arms].